Evolution Drives The Diversity And Unity Of Life - 1674 Words

Big Idea 1- The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life Natural selection is evolutions driving mechanism. Evolution is â€Å"the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from early forms during the history of the earth.† Darwin s theory states that inheritable variations exist within individuals in a population. This big idea has impacted human life and evolution in many ways. With natural selection as its major mechanism, according to Darwin’s theory, competition for limited resources results in differential survival. People with more favorable phenotypes are more likely to survive and reproduce, which passes their traits onto future generations. This big idea relates to the other big ideas because you need to transmit the important information, as in genes and traits that an organism will pass on to future generations so that they can eventually evolve. This is the process of natural selection. Alteration in the gene pools of populations can be caused by naturally occurring catastrophic or human induced events. It can also be caused by random environmental changes. In order for species to survive, they need a diverse gene pool because environmental changes can readily change. Species may not be able to survive in new environmental changes without a diverse gene pool and phenotype diversity. Sources of genetic variation can provide new genes and combinations of alleles that grant new phenotypes.Show MoreRelatedEvolution Of A Common Single Celled Origin1278 Words   |  6 Pages In the course of AP Biology, there are four â€Å"Big Ideas†. The first one is â€Å"The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life†. The second is â€Å"Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis†. The third is described as, â€Å"Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and res pond to information essential to life processes.† And finally the four is â€Å"biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactionRead MoreThe Process Of Evolution And Evolution1679 Words   |  7 PagesElla Sachs Mrs.Jarvis AP Biology April 6th, 2015 The Process of Evolution Evolution is â€Å"the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth,† Google. Google. Google, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015. Evolution is the reason there is change in the genetic makeup of a population, the reason organisms are linked by common ancestors, and evolution is still happening today because of the constant change in environmentRead MoreEvolution Of A Evolutionary Theory1500 Words   |  6 PagesEvolution is descent with modification, a phrase Darwin used in proposing the at Earth’s many species are descendants of ancestral species that were different The power of evolution as a unifying theory is its ability to explain and connect a vast array of observations about the living world. Aristotle believed that life forms could be arranged on a scale of increasing complexity. Each form of life, perfect and permanent, had its allotted space. Darwin argued that classification should be based onRead MoreBiology : Evolution, Energy, Information, And Systems1436 Words   |  6 Pagesof life and living organisms, is complex and encompasses a multitude of theories and ideas. In AP Biology, the fourth unit covered was genetics. Chapters 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 18 in the textbook, Campbell’s Biology in Focus, not only discusses the four main ideas of biology: evolution, energy, information, and systems, but it also gives examples of each in order to help guide the reader’s understanding of the concepts. The first big idea of AP Biology is: â€Å"the process of evolution drivesRead MoreThemes in the Study of Life5755 Words   |  24 PagesChapter 1 Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life Lecture Outline Overview: Inquiring About Life †¢ Organisms are adapted to the environments they live in. †¢ These adaptations are the result of evolution, the fundamental organizing principle of biology and the core theme of this book. †¢ Posing questions about the living world and seeking science-based answers are the central activities of biology, the scientific study of life. †¢ Biologists ask a wide variety of ambitious questions. Read MoreThe Oceans Influence To The Development Of The Ocean815 Words   |  4 Pagesshift in the environment it reveals how the conditions of the ocean are important to the development of organisms. With the changes occurring in the environment today, it causes those to question whether or not the ocean is still capable in maintain life and if it has an effect on the development of animals. This study is relevant to biology because it shows how the interactions between organisms and the environment can cause shifts in the genes of cells, the building blocks of all organisms, thatRead MoreSociology1391 Words   |  6 Pages and Emile Durkheim. II. Gerhard Lenski: Society and Technology. Gerhard Lenski (Nolan Lenski, 2010) focuses on sociocultural evolution, the changes that occur as a society acquires new technology. According to Lenski, the more technological information a society has, the faster it changes. New tec hnology sends ripples of change through a society’s entire way of life. Lenski’s work identifies five types of societies based on their level of technology. A. Hunting and gathering societies use simpleRead MoreMulticulturalism And Its Impact On The American Society1739 Words   |  7 Pagesof philosophy in conjunction with art. The integration of both disciplines speaks volumes forth to streamlining the bending moral and values bending within societies. Alongside with the manifestation of societal classes that stems from ethnicity diversity, the field of art has evolved over the years to arrive at its present state. Ideally, the entire campaign behind this interdisciplinary approach is to reconstruct the already ruined society through encouraging good and imitable societal values. TheRead MoreGlobalization : The World And Created Unity Out Of Great Diversity Essay1542 Words   |  7 PagesFor centuries, globalization has increasingly knitted 　　together the world and created unity out of great diversity. Coca Cola, Disney and McDonald’s symbolize the process, along with Sony, Shell Oil and IBM. They are products known and consumed from Ulan Bator to Little Rock - and also powerful companies that drive globalization forward, creating new laws, new business practices, new ways to eat and drink, new hopes and dreams. Optimists look forward to a global village, linked together by the InternetRead MoreManagement Challenges in the 21st Century3650 Words   |  15 Pagessheet. Corporations must adapt or risk bankruptcy, and publicly held companies are accountable to shareholders who scrutinize their performance and profitability each quarter. These factors present strong incentives for corporations to invest in and drive change. The government organisations, in contrast, adapts only because of the will of its leaders and staff. If it dawdles, it does not come under threat of bankruptcy or risk the ire of sh areholders. However, the consequences of strategic failure

Essay on Personality Characteristics of Introverts and...

There are two main theories that help identify a person’s personality type, the introvert or the extravert. These ideas became popular by: Carl Jung, he also believed that people at different times showed both characteristics of the introvert and the extravert. Most people are neither introverts nor extraverts they share a mix of the characteristics that define an introvert or an extravert. An introvert is a person that gathers their energy from within and requires time alone and would prefer to communicate by ways such as email and by writing and maybe texting they seem to prefer not to talk face to face and are not great public speakers. Introverts are often said to be reserved. They are often said to enjoy the quiet and this is what†¦show more content†¦They love to be active and do not prefer being alone. Being alone for an extrovert is often said to bring depression because they need others to stimulate them. They are said to think as they speak or after they have spoken. The extravert is likely to be a person that doesn’t fear to speak up in defense of a good cause whereas someone who is completely introvert would not speak up but would keep their thoughts to themselves. The extravert would be more likely to reach out to people and offer comfort and emotional support. If they were completely extraverted then in some situations where they may find themselves alone in life, such as a divorce or in the case of relocating to a different area where they have no acquaintances, they would be more than likely to suffer from depression and anxiety and would have a difficult time with being alone. I believe that most people are neither introverts nor extroverts but are a mix of both. There are many people who tend to display characteristics of the introvert and the extrovert. For example: I myself have many of the characteristics of the introvert and the extravert. I am sometime considered reserved because I do not like to be the center of attention, especially in groups of people, this is a characteristic of the introvert. I love to be surrounded by people and to communicate with people, which is a characteristic of the extravert. I would rather email or text people instead of talking on theShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Lives of Introverts1725 Words   |  7 Pages Every human being has a unique personality, but for the most part, people tend towards being either extroverts or introverts. Extroverts are outgoing and adventurous, while introverts enjoy spending time alone and are thoughtful. However, America’s culture values extroverts more than introverts instead of valuing the two personalities equally. In schools, students work together and must take part in discussions. In businesses, employees often work in rooms with no privacy and force everyone toRead MoreThe Participant s Self Concept Personality1387 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of the research was to assess the participant’s self-concept personality (i.e., introvert or extrovert) and how they would associate with either a profile that was alike to their self-concept personality or a profile that was opposite to their self-concept personality. The three traits that were selected for the research were trustworthiness, friendliness, and likeability/physical attractiven ess. Former research [â€Å"Byrne, D. (1961). Interpersonal attraction and attitude similarity. TheRead MoreTaking A Personality Test And Seeing If They Match With Someone s Career Choices1163 Words   |  5 Pages The purpose of this paper is about taking a personality test and seeing if they match with someone’s career choices. There is a famous one that is mostly used was developed by Carl G. Jung and was later modified by Isabel Myers-Briggs. This test is common to be used by someone that is trying to find their career path before college and some employers use it to see if someone is a fit in their company. But can a test like this can really define that a career is perfect for someone or can it tellRead MoreEysenck s Personality Theory And Allport s Trait Theory Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesPersonality distinguishes one individual different from another. Some personalities are more positive than others; however personality ultimately defines a person. Ample amounts of research and theories focus on personality. Researchers trust that investigation concerning personality provides a road map to truly understanding the individual. In an attempt to analyzing Michelle Obama’s personality, this paper will discuss the extrovert and introvert personality through using Eysenck’s PersonalityRead MoreEmotions And Personality With An Extraversion983 Words   |  4 Pages Emotions and personality with an extraversion introversion focus What is an emotion? â€Å"An emotion according to psychology today magazine is a judgment about the extent that the current situation meets your goals† (Altruism). From that definition our emotions in basics are relative to the satisfaction of our desires, and how our needs and wants are met in our lives. Beautifully one controls their emotions, because one can choose for himself by his conscious will. Yet there are other factors thatRead MoreIntroverts and Extroverts in the Education System Essay714 Words   |  3 Pagesclasses are completely leaning towards one temperament: extroverts. Introverts and extroverts are psychologically different, and therefore, learn in different ways. But with the methods of teaching right now, the United States favors one side, and that leaves the nation and the population at a disadvantage. Introverts make up one-third to one-half of the United States’ population (Goudreau). The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a personality inventory that was created by C. G. Jung to make theRead MoreExplain Eysencks Approach to Understanding Personality. Is Personalit1734 Words   |  7 PagesBefore examining Eysencks approach to understanding personality, we need to define what personality is. Dictionary definition (1) Personality Ââ€" the sum of all the behavioral and mental characteristics by means of which an individual is recognised as being unique. What is meant by personality? It is the inner quality of a person, the sum of their life experiences, the way the environment affects a persons outlook and a conscious choice. Personality is not better or worse than any other personsRead MoreFear of Parenting for this Generation1240 Words   |  5 Pagesfear that their personality or lifestyle choices would negatively affect the upbringing of a child. The fear of parenting is so strong that people would believe anybody who claims to be an expert in raising children. Susan Cain, who is known for her book Quiet, answered questions on the difficulties of parenting with conflicting personalities. Those personalities that Cain addressed were defined as introverts and extroverts by Carl Jung. A parent shouldn’t worry about their personality or lifestyleRead MoreHow Personality Traits and Leadership Styles Influence Organizational Leadership1288 Words   |  6 Pagescorrelate effective organizational leadership with certain charac teristics. McHugh (2009) stated that â€Å"there may be no other feature of American life that contains as much bias toward extroversion as leadership.† This means that debate still exists whether or not introverts may be effective as leaders compared to extroverts. Some researches would argue that introverts are more reserved and prefer to work alone without the aid of anyone else. Introverts are also believed to appear helpless and have a tendencyRead MorePersonality And The Big 5 Factor Model Trait Theory829 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction Personality plays a significant role in how individuals react to certain situations and in different environments. It is encouraged to conduct research into the variability in personality, as every individual differs from one another (Abali, 2006). There is no fixed definition of personality acceptable to all theorists, as research results are interpreted in different ways. Generally speaking, personality is as a set of persistent psychological traits and patterns within an individual

The Basic Set Up Of Poetry - 1445 Words

Lesson 1 and 2 I started by teaching the basic set up of poetry. I taught them how to identify a stanza. I also identified the name of a two-line stanza and a four-line stanza. We also discussed the difference between perfect, near, and eye rhyme. I then had them to create a quatrain poem rhyming lines one and three, and two and four. I allowed the students to use a rhyming dictionary on poetry4kids.com. Lesson 3 I began the lesson by reading a poem titled â€Å"maggie and milly and molly and may†. We looked at how alliteration was used in the poem. We also discussed the different types of rhymes that were used in the poem. I also had them to work together as a class and identify the rhyme scheme of the poem. I ended the lesson by†¦show more content†¦They did not name either objects in their poems and the class had to guess what the objects were. Lesson 6 I opened this lesson by defining narrative poetry. We used â€Å"popcorn reading† to read the â€Å"Highwayman†. To determine if this poem was a narrative poem or not I had the students to complete a plot chart while we were reading the poem. After we read the poem, I placed the plot chart on the smartboard and we filled it out as a class. We were able to determine the poem did follow the plot chart, therefore it was a narrative poem. To complete the lesson, I had the students to rewrite the story from â€Å"Tim’s† point of view. Lesson 7 I started this lesson by defining tone. I then placed famous paintings on the smartboard and how the students write the tone of the paintings on a whiteboard and hold them up. We then watched movie trailers of a few Walt Disney movies. I had them to identify the tone. I then found the horror version of the same movie trailers and we discussed how the tone changed. We read â€Å"Madam and the Rent Man†. I read the poem in a very specific tone of voice. I had the students to identify the tone of the poem. I then had a few different students to read the poem in different tones. We discussed how the tone could be altered just by changing the way you read it. I then had the students to complete a mid-point quiz to see how they were

Social Movements Of Palestine And Palestine - 1580 Words

In the 1990s there began a significant shift in social movements in Israel and Palestine. The history of this region has been marked by violence, inequality, and oppression for a long time. The complicated relationships between the two main powers in this area have developed over time and a variety of groups on both sides of the conflict have reacted with by calling for peace. The first intifada had a huge impact on who had the ablity to voice their concerns to fight the injustices occurring in this region. It was during this popular uprising that women’s movements first began to gain traction in both Israel and Palestine. These movements were often defined by traditional and constricting ideals of femininity, however over time they began to branch out with a more grassroots approach. Women’s movements in Israel have many similarities to those in Palestine and the Occupied Territories, however there are some significant differences that separate the women involved in ea ch of these groups and the causes they choose to support. Gender equality is a complex issue with many implications for the modern peace movement in Israel and Palestine, and it is crucial to note both the ways in which these groups face similar challenges while also acknowledging the very different issues faced by Israeli and Palestinian women. Especially in the period following the first intifada there was a growing presence of women’s groups in Israel that were often focused on peacemaking initiativesShow MoreRelatedThe Influence Of Zionism On The Creation Of A Jewish State861 Words   |  4 PagesEast and North Africa and indeed in Palestine. However more modern times have seen them as a nomadic people, living in various countries but never truly finding a land to call there own. In the late 19th and early 20th century an idea began to gain solidarity and momentum, that of Zionism. The idea of Zionism, to create a Jewish state, is arguably one of modern society’s most polarizing and influential movements. Zionism has influenced political, religious, and social groups in a variety of ways thatRead MoreThe Rise Of Zionism And Arab Nationalism1407 Words   |  6 PagesThe rise of Zionism and Arab Nationalism in the nineteenth century triggered major political tensions in the region of Palestine. The conflict among the Zionists and Arab Nationalists is primarily due to the politics of territory and is essentially not comprised of religious opposition. In fact, before the advent of Zionism and Arab Nationalism, Jews and Palestinians shared a local identity due to mutual tolerances. This identity, which took precedence over religion, created a vivacious communityRead MoreThe First Two Uprisings Of The West Bank, Gaza And East Jerusalem1341 Words   |  6 Pageswas that they didn’t have any kind of job security, because Israeli security denied them any rights within Israel. In this case, position of Palestine is understandable, they are li ke any other people wanted to be free from being heavily dependent on the Israeli’s rules and resist the force that has been used against them. Another thing that made Palestine angry was that Jewish foreigners were illegally occupying their land and they were allowed to carry guns and had protection from the IsraeliRead MoreThe Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Essay1216 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween the Arabs living in Palestine and the Jews living in Israel. It was Zionism for the Jews against Arab nationalism. This conflict was known as the Arab-Israeli conflict. The main issues were; border disputes, security, the control of Jerusalem, recognition as well as Palestinian freedom of movement. These issues are what spear headed the intensifying of the conflict thus it became as part of day to day activity between the two states. The Zionists believed that Palestine was their land as accordingRead MoreUnveiling Truths of Occupied Palestine Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pagesnature of these topics; however through the exploration of occupied Palestine, some light may be shed to reveal truths of this distorted picture. Through the i nspection of the restricted movement in Palestine, existence of settlements and outposts, and imprisonments without criminal charges, the realities and effects on each other’s perceptions from military occupation can be ascertained. History Jews first started fleeing from Palestine during the Jewish Diaspora (dispersion) around 587 B.C.E. The DiasporaRead MoreJew in the Arab World 1071 Words   |  5 Pages, as a result of that the Zionist movement rise to recreated Jewish state and to give Jewish their nationalism and identity. The Jews who live in the Arab community before Palestine divided by the Unite Nation in 1947, used to have a peaceful and harmonious life in the Arab world. However, the rise Anti-Semitism is movement of discrimination and prejudice against Jewish and anti-Jewish programs to exile Jewish from Arab world. In the Yemen and Syria the movement was practically violent against JewishRead MoreThe Implications of the Israel/ Palestine Conflict Essay examples809 Words   |  4 PagesEvery time I asked about where she was from she just said Palestine and I would ask her â€Å"Is that even a country†. Later I came to know that Israel and Palestine were same. Until then I used to only know about a place called Israel from bible where I read â€Å"Israel to be god’s house†. To further quench my curiosity I asked her, â€Å"If Palestine and Israel the same place†, she suddenly replied in a disturbed tone, â€Å"No it’s not†. It is Palestine not Israel, I was terribly confused. Later she told me HowRead MoreThe Partition Of Israel And Palestine966 Words   |  4 PagesSince the UN partition of Israel and Palestine in 1947, Israel has been placed in many instances of conflict between the Jewish migrants to the region and the Palestinian natives. Several conflicts resulted in open, declared war, such as the First Arab-Israeli War of 1948-1949, and the Yom Kippur War of 1973. In addition, Israel has been involved in the occupation of the West Bank and the blockade of the Gaza Strip. After the last open war, Israel’s occupation of the West Bank has been marked byRead MoreWhy Palestinian Children s Rights Are Protected By International Government1149 Words   |  5 Pagesare protected by international government. I chose this topic because I have been particularly interested in Palestine for the last few years, as the conflict was brought to my attention by a Palestinian friend of mine. I chose to write about Palestine for my his torical investigation in order to learn more about the conflict. For my FIQWS class, I chose Literature/Film in Israel/Palestine so I could continue my studies in Palestinian history. There has also been a rise of turmoil between the 2 countriesRead MoreConflict Between Palestine And Israel1747 Words   |  7 Pagesthe constant state of tension between Palestine and Israel creates a long lasting state of aggression in the future generations which facilitate more violence and chaos than before. â€Å"Research conducted by Save the Children UK in 2009 found that up to 70 percent of all households living near the restricted access area had been displaced at least once since 2000†. Now, children are being shifted from their homes and stability to an unstable climate. As these social issues became more and more prevalent

Crime Scene Investigation Free Essays

Research Paper: Crime Scene Investigation (first draft) If a murder, a homicide and or a suicide occur, the crime scene investigator(s) collects the clues and evidence that will be analyzed by the forensic scientist(s) which can lead them to their suspect(s). The purpose of a Crime Scene Investigation is to help victims find justice. When a crime has been reported, the responding officer and/or detective have to note the dispatch information such as address/location, time, date, type of call, parties involved. We will write a custom essay sample on Crime Scene Investigation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The officer(s)/detective(s) have to be observant when approaching, entering and exiting a crime scene such as look, listen and smell. Next thing they have to do is to secure the crime scene. Officers have to scan the area for sights, sounds and smell that may cause danger to personnel and other individuals such as gasoline and explosives. They also have to survey for any dangerous civilian around the scene and control the situation. If there are any dangerous civilian, officer will immediately call for back-up and while the officer(s) are waiting for the back-up, they have to handle the situation thoroughly. They would first position the â€Å"Crime Scene DO NOT CROSS† tape around the perimeter, this allows authorized personnel to cross the area of the crime scene. Following this procedure will preserve the scene with minimal contamination. Officers and detectives have to be alert and attentive about their surroundings. The detective(s) have to identify all the individuals around the crime scene. They have to identify the witnesses and secure them. Identify possible suspects and secure them and also separate them from the witnesses. They also secure and separate the victims/family/friends and show compassion to them. They must also exclude the media, bystanders that are just watching what is going on and the law enforcements that are off duty. When the crime scene investigator(s) arrive at the crime scene, they have to do a â€Å"walk-through†. Investigators have to avoid contaminating the crime scene by using the established path of way. They have to make sure that before they entered the crime scene, nothing in the scene should have been moved. While they are going through a walk-through, they may have to construct theories about what happened in the crime scene based on visual examination. Investigators have to take photographs of the scene and will later on be collected. Taking photographs of the scene will help them solve the crime ecause there are some points of the investigation that investigators may have overlooked evidence, and that evidence could be found in the photographs. After taking photographs of the scene, they will start to collect clue and evidence that may lead them to their possible suspect(s). What they may find in the crime scene are fingerprints which can be done using colored powder and a b rush, other thizngs such as blood, firearms, hair, glass and many more things that can be found in the crime scenes. After doing their job in he crime scene, the evidence they took will be taken to the forensic scientist. Crime scene investigators will look at the photographs and connect their theories based on the crime that occurred. The forensic scientists will also examine the victim’s clothes, while the medical examiner will analyze the victim’s body for more clues and evidence that they may find and they will all be doing this in the crime lab. The things they may find could be hair, fiber, semen, blood, another person’s DNA, bruises and many more. After the forensic scientists have done their job, they will give their report to the crime scene investigators. Just if he forensic scientists could not find any trace that can lead them to their suspect, then the investigators have to go back to the crime scene and find fore more clues and evidence that could help them. The new evidence will be taken to the forensics for them to be examined. When the crime scene investigators receive the report from the forensic scientists, they will invite their possible suspect(s) for question ing or if they could not reach the suspect, they could question the suspect through the phone. After this, the investigators need to go to the suspect(s) place. The investigators may ask the suspect(s) about the victim on what they know about the crime and may also ask for names that are may be connected to the crime that occurred. If it may also help, investigators and detectives may ask the victim’s family, friends, co-workers or anybody who knows the victim that could help them solve the crime that was committed. Investigators may ask them if the victim has enemies that may want the victim to be killed. The crime scene investigators will do the same procedure until they get the right person who committed the crime and be placed in jail. The suspect may still deny what is being accused of committing a crime and asked for a lawyer, the investigators and witnesses have to be prepared with strong evidence so that they can place the suspect in jail and pay for the consequences from what the suspect has done. When the crime scene in no longer needed to be processed for any evidence, the crime scene cleaners/Biohazard Technicians will start to clean the scene. They have to clean the place like nothing happened. Like gathering all the blood, brains and bugs then casting them in the extractor. What the extractor does is kill to the bacteria in bodily fluids with a special enzyme. They also need to eliminate the horrible smell in the scene and may have to cut off things like the mattress, curtains and many more. The crime scene cleaners are dedicated to assist the law enforcement, public service agencies and property owners/managers in restoring property that has been contaminated as a result of crime, disaster or misuse. If there’s a murder, a homicide or a suicide, the CSI investigators are to call. In Crime Scene Investigation a lot of things will happen, but mainly it is about collecting physical evidence. The process of what be revealed at a crime scene is very difficult. It involves a number of different searches and collections that help to solve a crime. After solving the crime, this means that the victim received justice for that happened to them. No body deserves to die and no body has the right to kill someone. Being a crime scene investigator is a hero, they used their knowledge for good reason and not for bad. The good reason is solving a crime that should have not happened. Work Cited Crose, Nicholas. â€Å"Extreme Careers: Detectives : Life Investigation Crime†. New York: Rosen Central, 2003. Print Cooperman, Stephanie. â€Å"Extreme Careers: Biohazard Technicians†. New York: Rosen Central, 2004. Print â€Å"Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance†. New York: Ferguson, 2005. Print Murdico, Suzanne J. Extreme Careers Forensic Scientists: Life Investigating Sudden Death. New York: Rosen Central, 2004. Print Technical Working Group on Crime Scene Investigation. †Crime Scene Investigation: A Guide for a Law Enforcement†. January 2000. Web. December 12, 2009 How to cite Crime Scene Investigation, Papers

Book Review of The Founding Conservatives free essay sample

Prior to the American Revolution, thirteen Colonies were founded. Some colonies were founded based on economics, while others were founded on religious freedom. As time went on the Colonies developed different economies. he New England Colonies had manufacturing industries, such as, shipbuilding; Middle colonies had fur exporting and manufacturing Industries, such as, Iron; Southern Colonies had plantation agriculture. By the eve of the American Revolution, most colonies were royal colonies, under the direct control of the King.According to David Lifer, Of course, many other historical prisms offer insight into the Revolution as well. America was divided by regional differences, western land claims, population sizes, gender, age, and race. All of these divisions should be and have been studied, and the fact this book focuses on one sort of conflict doesnt mean others did not exist (5). Reading this, Im not sure what sort of conflict the author Is referring to. We will write a custom essay sample on Book Review of The Founding Conservatives or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page You need to make the context for the quotation clear. What conflict does Lifer focus on? Prior to the American Revolution, Britains French and Indian War led to war debt.The British Parliament passed taxes on American Colonies to recover debt: the Sugar Act (Bibb Currency Act (1764), Stamp Act (Bibb Quartering Act (1765). Colonists protested and tension between England and America leading to distrust. Then the parliament passed the Townsend Revenue Acts (1767), and sent Brutish troops In Boston (1768), leading to the Boston Massacre (1770). In Boston Harbor, American smugglers destroyed HAMS Gasped (1 772), to which Parliament responded by passing the Molasses Act (1773) and Tea Acts (1773).Colonist further protested with the Boston Tea Party Protest (1770). Again, the British Parliament passed more taxes: Coercive/lamentable Acts (1774). This prompts the American Founders as the First Continental Congress (1774) to meet in Philadelphia to discuss action and pass the Declaration of Rights. England declares American Colonies In rebellion and passes New England Restraining Act (1775). Most people learned that the American Founders were united in an independent effective government. According to David Lifer, in the years following World War II, American historians made a conscious decision to downplay any hint of strife among the Founding The American Founders were In the middle of a war, with economic crisis, radical ideas, and conflict over wealth, civil liberties, banks, and corporations. This was the American Revolution. According to Lifer, the split between left and right remains one of the most important the idea that the founders were Just as politically divided as we are today holds a certain realistic appeal(5).The Founders were split between conservatives and liberals. Traditionally, political liberalism supports federal rights, and environmental, trade, and business programs, and strong regulation. Traditionally, political conservatism supports capitalism, low taxes, and states rights over federal rights, and strong military, but oppose environmental, trade, and business regulation, and social conservatism purport personal responsibility and tradition al Jude-Christian values. Today, people are split between two main political parties, Democrats and Republicans. Modern Democrats are considered to be political and social liberals. Liberalism relates to both political and social liberalism. Todays Democrats generally support pro-choice, LBS. rights, feminism, animal rights, strict gun control, and government run welfare, national healthcare, unemployment benefits, retirement benefits, and oppose regulated immigration, and the death penalty. Modern Republicans, are considered to be politically and socially conservative. Conservatism relates to both political and social conservatism.Todays Republicans generally support pro-life, regulated immigration, the death penalty, but oppose LBS. rights, feminism, animal rights, strict gun control, and government run welfare, unemployment benefits, retirement benefits, and national healthcare. In The Founding Conservatives: How A Group of Unsung Heroes Saved The American Revolution, as the main thesis of the book, David Lifer, states, This book makes three main arguments. First, the founding conservatives saved the American Revolution Second, the founding conservatives brought modern capitalism o America.. .And third, we should no longer look to Britain for the origins of American conservatism (6). Good identification of the books thesis. This book takes a close look at the role of the Founding Conservatives who believed in capitalism, including environmental, trade, and business-free of regulation, strong military, and low taxes. Lifer argues that conservatives, such as, John Dickinson (Pennsylvania-Delaware), James Wilson (Pennsylvania), Sills Deane(Connecticut), Robert Morris (Pennsylvania), John Jay (New York), John Rutledge (South Carolina), James Duane(New York), Robert Livingston(New York), Edward Rutledge(SouthCarolina), Edmund Randolph (Virginia), Carter Brannon (Virginia), and Governed Morris (New York) helped save the American Revolution. Expand here. How did they save the revolution? The author, David Lifer, is a historian and professor at the New York University Polytechnic Institute. Most of the books sources are secondary. The sources include other historians, such as Samuel Eliot Morison, Leonard Labret, David Hackett Fischer, Richard Hovercrafts, Alfred Young, Edward Countryman, Gary Nash, Clinton Roister, Edwin Burrows, and Mike Wallace to convey his argument. For example,Samuel Eliot Morison believed that the Fort Wilson Riot would be the equivalent to would have changed if conservatives were not involved (2). Lifer also, uses primary sources to show what the American Founding conservatives believed in their own words. John Dickinson said, Bribery is so common in England and the colonies (22). As a historian, Lifer uses a variety of sources to back up his argument, but left out any counter-claims. The Founding Conservatives: How A Group of Unsung Heroes Saved the American Revolution is biased, focusing mainly on one founding conservative-John Dickinson and his actions, during the American Revolution. John Dickinson helped draft the Articles of Confederation. Chapter 2: None Shall Make Them Afraid, describes the life of John Dickinson before the American Revolution. As a child, he grew-up on a Delaware plantation and who studied law in England, but as an adult he became interested in public service. Additionally, Chapter 3: The Rise of Radicalism describes the Boston Tea Party. Americans were divided after the Boston Tea Party. John Adams championed the Boston Tea Party, while Benjamin Franklin rejected it.John Dickinson, like many Americans, was outraged by Englands reaction to the Boston Tea Party. While Quakers and rich merchants were uninterested in helping Massachusetts, while poor artisans supported Massachusetts. Radicals looked to Dickinson to help and he agreed (40). Chapter 24, We the People ends with John Dickinson refusing to sign the Declaration of Independence and George Read signing for him (323). Lifer uses John Dickinson as the main conservative that influenced the other conservatives.David Lifers argument that the founding conservatives saved the American Revolution is unconvincing (6). Good analysis of the text. Lifer argues that the American Independence war effort was poor and the radicals wanted a fast independence. David Lifer argues that Philip Schuler (New York) lead to the American Victory in the Battle of Saratoga in New York and John Rutledge (South Carolina), who rallied the army after the British had won in South Carolina. The Battle of Saratoga is seen as the turning point of the American Revolution. The conservatives responded by focusing on the war effort.They stabilized the economy, focused on the economy, and got help from France. Robert Morris (Pennsylvania) financed the American Revolution and Sills Deane (Connecticut) helped America obtain aid from France. Additionally, he argues that Robert Morris (Pennsylvania) wrote most of the Constitution, including We the People (317). Most people learn that the Constitution is mostly a group effort of John Rutledge (South Carolina), Edmund Randolph (Virginia), Nathaniel Gorham (Massachusetts), Oliver Ellsworth (Connecticut), James Wilson (Pennsylvania), William S. Johnson (Connecticut), Alexander Hamilton (New York), James Madison (Virginia), Rufus King (Massachusetts), and Governed Morris (New York) (The National Archives). Yes I would be interested to know how he supports his claims. David Lifers argument that we should no longer look to Britain for the origins of American conservatism is unconvincing (6). Chapter 1, Court and Country, begins absolute power. Parliament rebelled and King Charles I was executed. People considered King Charles I a tyrant not a king, because a king would share power between the people.Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector, wiped out resistance, and later, monarchy was restored under, Charles II (Charles Xis son). King Charles II did not do much for England. Then King James II (Charles Siss brother) came to power and tried to do the same thing as Charles l. William of Orange took over with the Parliaments help and brought capitalism to England. Here is where two parties, Whig (supported republicanism) and Tories (supported the King) fought in Parliament. Eventually, Whig won, but split between Country (radicals) and Court (conservatives).The Court Whig won in Parliament, but although, the Country Whig never won, but they influenced America (19). Lifer does state that most people believe that Edmund Burke did not establish American conservatism, but the American Founding Fathers did years before(130). Lifers argument is invalid, because most of the American Founding Fathers were Whig, and later Patriots. However, American Founding conservatives did, use ideas like separation of church and state, and focused on the everyday citizen, which was different from British conservatism.This is a good point, except if you see figures like Hamilton or Washington as conservatives they tended to focus more on the elite. Lifers argument that the founding conservatives brought modern capitalism to America is convincing(6). Although, William of Orange, the Dutch-English King brought capitalism to England and England brought capitalism to America, American fatalism is different. Lifer means modern capitalism is not only profit making, but banking, corporations, and large-scale industry, and that the conservatives brought that to America.Robert Morris financed the American Revolution and founded the first bank in America. Morris, like most Founding Fathers, believed in independence, because England had denied them property rights. Although, most of David Lifers arguments are void, he did use a great amount of primary and secondary research. However, his book was biased and he mostly focused on John Dickinson. The Founding Conservatives: How A Group of Unsung Heroes Saved the American Revolution does give an in-depth look into different issues surrounding the American Revolution.

Strategic Choice And Deterministic Theories †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Choice And Deterministic Theories. Answer: Exploring the paradigm wars in organizational theory The essay is concerned with the critical analysis of the strategic choice and deterministic theories. The analysis will clarify the understanding of the actions taking place in the organization and how they will contribute to the development of the organization. The strategic choice theory describes the maintenance of industrial relations and coping up with the uncertainties using the strategic approach. Thereafter the deterministic theory shall be analyzed and all its 3 theories i.e. resource dependency theory, industrial theory and population ecology which is a broader aspect and inculcated variety of options. The best suitable approach for organizational development and accomplishment of actions will be selected and the reason for the selection of the particular theory will be quoted. In nutshell, the essay will discuss the various aspects and approach that affect the business and if wise steps are taken then profit maximisation could be initiated and employee engagement might be gained as well which might result beneficial for the organization as a whole. Strategic choice is an important factor for the development of an organization. It highly contributes to determining the organizational actions and assists the manager's inadequate decision making. For developing the clear understanding of the organization and controlling its internal and external affairs the strategic choice theory has been developed. This particular theory has been developed in U.S. at the time when the changes in the industrial relations were taking place rapidly (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). The strategic choice theory focuses on the external forces that are directly and indirectly related to the organizational affairs and assists in building up the relations between the employer-employee and creating the betterment in employer-employee relations as well. The changing external environment is analyzed and accordingly, the competitive strategies are designed to fight with the dynamic market. The manager undertakes the changes in the competitive strategies which result i n the emergence of various values, beliefs, philosophies, and innovation in decision-making techniques (Pisano, 2017). The companies now adopt the decentralization method where the part of responsibility followed by authority is rendered to the employees so that they may also take the decision and even their decision-making skills get improved. The suggestions and ideas from the low-level employees result in the betterment of the relations and the employee engagement with the organization gets increased. This develops the belongingness of employees within the firm and the time that has been saved in making small decisions is invested in certain more important deals which lead to the development of the organization as a whole. While making the strategic changes the crucial points that need to be noticed are decision making groups and immediatemanagement of the uncertainty that could strike the business (Jinjisoshiki, 2017). There is a certain strategic approach that could be learned for the betterment of the business: The first strategic approach is the immediate decision making in the particular situation using the limited resources. Strategies are the planning and plotting of the decision for the particular thing or accomplishment of the predefined objections. But there are situations that occur on the sudden basis and the rapid decision has to be taken. At that point, the intellectual skills and risk-taking power of the person could be analyzed (Tatham, 2017). The second approach towards the strategic choice is to deal with the uncertainties and how the manager deals with the unpredictable situations. The nature of problem needs to be analyzed whether it is a technical, political or procedural event and how each one could be repaired on the urgent basis by adding on the profit is the time where the skills of an efficient manager could be ranked. The third strategic approach is incremental in nature and the framework designed for this is known as commitment package (Cook, Salter Stadler, 2017). In these kinds of strategies, the priorities have been set and accordingly the problems and uncertain situations could be solved out. The balance has been derived from the decisions that need to be inculcated currently and some decisions could be left pending for the near future. The final fourth approach is interactive in nature and it is not meant for the experts of the field who are settled in the back office and handling the management, this strategy is for those people that have come from the divergent backgrounds and efforts have been made to initiate the communication between them (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). It designs the collaboration to collect people at the place and harmony gets created in the organization. Better the internal communication of the organization strong will be the internal organizational structure. Through the medium of interaction, the hesitation among the peers, superiors, and subordinates is lowered and many latent things get discovered which at la st prove to be the gem for the organization (David David, 2016). The knowledge expansion takes place along with the enhancement in the interpersonal skills and abilities of the employees which will be beneficial from the perspective of the individual as well as the organization (University of Cambridge, 2016). Deterministic theories are those positions within an organization that defines the entire practices that are happening in the organization along with the present these theories helps in assessing the practical positions that happened in past and are likely to happen in the near future. It could be linked up with the law of Newton where once the entire specifications have been rendered the nearby aspects could be evaluated. Though the exact thing cannot be predicted the relevant hypothesis could be drawn (Chen, Du Tang, 2015). There are three different theories involved in the deterministic theories which are resource dependency theory, institutional theory and population ecology which helps in the development of the organization and defining the further actions of the organization (Philosophy to go, 2011). Resource dependency theory investigates the connection between the organization and the resources involved in the organization for the operational purpose. Resources are many types and forms it involves the usage of raw material for the manufacturing purpose, labor and the finance required to continue the working and run the business in an effective manner. No business could flourish without the resources, each type of resource is necessary enough for the accomplishment of the organizational objective (Jajja, Kannan, Brah Hassan, 2017). Without the natural resources and direct material, manufacturing will not be able to take place and the basic product and services might get lack. But care has to be taken with regards to the scarcity of these natural resources and sustainable development must be adopted and for that sake use of advanced technology should be made so that depletion is not caused and the resources do not get wasted and recycling may be possible. Then comes the labor wh ich is another crucial resource and hard to find the competent one and even harder to retain the one. The human resources are the asset for the company and better relationship must be developed with them by adopting the adequate labor policies and equality must be focussed along with rendering the better working quality to the employees. Another important resource on which the organizations development is highly dependent is financial resources. It is rightly said that finance is the blood of the organization, thus the best source of finance should be selected. Investors could be attracted through the books of the companies and the books must be maintained wisely and evasion should be avoided as it is not only for the individual purpose but the country is also concerned with each and every organizations earnings as their earning cumulatively affects the GDP of the nation. As discussed the companies are dependent on these resources and so much dependency is also the risk factor and b rings about the uncertainty in the business as the supplier and providers might play a trump card against the business thus the backup plan should always be there with the company to lower the risk and stay in win-win situation (Voss Brettel, 2014). An institutional theory is an internal environment within the organization. It is that formal atmosphere that is required in the organization for its development. It involves the definite structure and culture that is to be followed in the company. By structure is meant the management hierarchy, policies, and procedures of the company. These policies must be formulated and the employees must strictly abide by these policies to maintain the discipline and strengthen the organization. Also, the second aspect of the institutional theory is that the organizational formal plan needs to be constructed keeping in view the environment and prior structure of the organization and accordingly changes must be implemented (Keohane Martin, 2014). Over budget and showcasing plan must be avoided. The last deterministic theory is population ecology theory which focuses on the dual aspects involving the adaptation and selection of the environment for the organization. The adaptability theory focuses on the adaptation of the changing environment within and outside the environment, it is resistant to changes. The selection technique is somewhat opposite of the adaptation technology, in it, the environment for the organization has to be selected as per the suitability of the organization (MacCormick Weinberger 2013). The adaptation theories have been initiated which supports the selection method as well. An adaptation theory involves the strategic options which include setting up of the standard structure for the betterment of the organization. The population ecology is based upon the population prevailing within the organization and adopting the environment accordingly. The population analysis could be done by creating the census within the company. The census can be developed by measuring the changes taking place in the organization, the death rates and turnover rate of the employees (Garcilazo, 2011). The most likely to choose perspective for the betterment of the organization is a deterministic theory. This theory comprises of wider aspect and covers the broad scope within the organization. The three theories of deterministic theory involve the strategic choice as well. The resource dependency theory focuses on the sustainability and optimum utilization of the resources. The care should be taken while selecting the sources of collecting resources and plans need to be made such that in the case of uncertainty the loss could be prevented. The institutional theory is concerned with the internal structure and culture of the organization and how it could be efficiently managed and changed to implement development in the organization. Whilst making the institutional changes it must be kept in mind that changes are in accordance with the status of the organization and suitable within the set budget. Unnecessary implementation of heavy organizational structure within the institute is wor thless with concern to the small organization. The population ecology argues over the census within the organization and the turnover rate of employees. The census could be measured by calculating the overall population of the organization and death rate taking place within the company. The average presence rate could be evaluated with this which will compare the number of incoming employees over the outflow of the employees. Population ecology also considers the environment within the organization and adaptability towards the changes. It argues over both the internal and the external environment of the company. Therefore the deterministic theory is considered to be the most suitable one in the context of the organizational development and performing the adequate actions for the betterment of the company. The wider aspect covers every possible measure of the institute and many valuable things get implemented in an organization (MacMillan Komar, 2017). Hence, from the above essay, it could be concluded that strategic choices are based on the adoption of various strategies. The strategies differ as per the nature and size of eth organization. The strategic choice theory has been developed that states the development of industrial relations and enhancing the employer-employee and peers relationship within the organization so that belongingness of employees with the organization gets increased. Strategic choice also defines the uncertainty likely to occur in the business and how the managers are going to deal with it. Accordingly, the strategic approaches have been discussed as well quoting the four various approaches that might render the magnificent results when applied. Thereafter the deterministic theory has been elucidated which involves the 3 theories within it that are resource dependency theory, institutional theory, and population ecology. The resource dependency theory discusses the importance and sustainability of the natur al, human and financial resources. But more of the dependence is also not as beneficial for the organization as then the supplier of resources might increase their terms and conditions and change the demand by analyzing the changing market situation. The institutional theory quotes about the organizational structure and culture and how the hierarchy within the company contributes to the development of the business. The organizational strategies should be such that met the objective of the organization and is suitable for the company. The population ecology is concerned with the census within the organization and what are the incoming and joining people and what are the death and leaving rates. It is also concerned with the adaptability of changes taking place in the internal and external environment of the organization. References Chen, Z., Du, F., Tang, X. (2015). 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(2017). Toward a prescriptive theory of dynamic capabilities: connecting strategic choice, learning, and competition.Industrial and Corporate Change,26(5), 747-762. Tatham, M. (2017). Disentangling actors from their environment? Pitfalls and added-value of the strategic-choice approach.International Journal of Public Administration, 1-14. University of Cambridge. (2016). Strategic choice approach. https://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/research/dstools/strategic-choice-approach/. Accessed on 10th October 2017. Voss, U., Brettel, M. (2014). The effectiveness of management control in small firms: Perspectives from resource dependence theory.Journal of Small Business Management,52(3), 569-587. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. Pearson.